Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show great promise, but the acidity of the hole transport layer (HTL) often leads to poor perovskite crystallinity, which limits their performance and introduces inconsistency into the measurement of device parameters. In this research, inverted MAPbI3 perovskite photovoltaics are fabricated using a pH-controlled HTL. The pH of the PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)) HTL is adjusted using imidazole, and devices with acid, neutral, and base pH HTLs are compared. The neutral HTL device exhibits improved nonwettability of the HTL surface, reduced perovskite roughness, and MAPbI3 passivation, which improve the perovskite crystallinity. The neutral HTL improves the power conversion efficiency from 12.58% to 14.25% with an active area of 11.8 mm2 by improving the external and internal quantum efficiency and inducing excellent charge generation and extraction. Additionally, enhanced performance is also observed using active areas of 6.9 and 15.0 mm2. The neutral-HTL-based device exhibits very consistent performance for various active area sizes, as the uniformity of the perovskite crystals minimizes dependence on the photon absorption area. The enhanced stability of the pH-controlled HTL-based PSCs, including preventing degradation by strong acid because of its reduced acidity, allows the device to retain its power conversion efficiency (PCE) value by maintaining its fill factor even at 80% humidity.中文翻译：
控制PEDOT：PSS的pH值以实现钙钛矿型倒置太阳能电池的可重现效率：与有效面积和湿度无关钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）前景广阔，但空穴传输层（HTL）的酸度通常会导致钙钛矿结晶度差，这限制了它们的性能，并给器件参数的测量带来了不一致。在这项研究中，使用pH控制的HTL制造倒置的MAPbI 3钙钛矿光伏电池。使用咪唑调节PEDOT：PSS（聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）：聚（苯乙烯磺酸盐））HTL的pH，并比较具有酸性，中性和碱性pH HTL的设备。中性HTL装置显示出改善的HTL表面不润湿性，降低的钙钛矿粗糙度和MAPbI 3钝化，可提高钙钛矿的结晶度。中性HTL通过改善内部和外部量子效率并诱导出色的电荷产生和提取，将功率转换效率从12.58％提高到14.25％，有效面积为11.8 mm 2。此外，使用6.9和15.0 mm 2的有效面积也观察到了增强的性能。。基于中性HTL的器件在各种有效面积上均表现出非常一致的性能，因为钙钛矿晶体的均匀性将对光子吸收面积的依赖性降到最低。pH值控制的基于HTL的PSC的增强的稳定性，包括防止由于酸度降低而导致的强酸降解，使得该器件即使在80％的湿度下也可以通过保持其填充系数来保持其功率转换效率（PCE）值。